Needleless Systems

Needlestick injuries are the single largest cause of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. This means that the surest way to avoid exposure is to avoid the use of needles unless they are absolutely necessary. When possible, workers should use needleless systems to withdraw bodily fluids after the vein or artery is first accessed, to administer medications or fluids, and to perform any other procedure that could expose those workers to blood or other potentially infectious materials.

For example, needleless IV systems have existed for over 20 years. These have prepierced ports and valved connectors that accept tapered IV tubing. Once initial access to the vein or artery has been established, fluids and medications can be added or changed without the use of needles. Jet injectors, such as the one pictured here, are another example of needleless systems. They inject medication by applying a high-pressure narrow jet of liquid that breaks the skin and allows the medication to enter.

Needleless systems are not feasible for every application. Each application must be judged on its own merit based on its ability to both effectively deliver treatment and reduce workplace injury.

To learn more about Cal/OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens visit our Cal/OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Online Training web page.