Types of Exposure

Benzene can enter the body in toxic levels by inhalation, by ingestion, and through the skin and eyes. This section discusses each type of exposure.

Inhalation Exposure

Benzene is primarily an inhalation hazard. The resulting health effects depend on the amount of benzene inhaled, as follows:

Ingestion Exposure

Ingestion exposure can occur when food or drinks contaminated with high levels of benzene are consumed. The chart below describes the health effects commonly associated with benzene ingestion.

Skin and Eye Exposure

Absorption through the skin is a slower form of exposure, but it may contribute to very dangerous whole-body toxicity. Mild to moderate skin exposure leads to irritation, redness, and a burning sensation on the skin. Severe exposure produces fluid accumulation, blistering, and inflammation.

High concentrations of benzene vapor in the eyes produce irritation and blurred vision. When benzene liquid gets into the eye, it causes burning pain, loss of sight, and injury to the surface of the cornea.

To learn more about Benzene Safety visit our Cal/OSHA Benzene Safety Online Training web page.