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Class 8 - Classification

Many corrosives are classified as acids. Acidic substances contain hydrogen and dissolve in water to produce one or more hydrogen ions. They react with certain metals and bases or alkalis to form salts. Acidity is measured using a pH scale. Acids have a pH lower than 7. Some examples of acidic substances include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen sulfide, and acetic acid.

Two common corrosives are gallium and mercury:

  • Gallium is a silvery-white metal with a melting point of 29.7°C (85.5°F). It can rapidly penetrate the grain boundaries of aluminum alloys and other metals and cause embrittlement.
  • Mercury, also referred to as quicksilver, is a liquid metal at normal temperatures and has a boiling point of 356.73°C (674.11°F). It is highly toxic if inhaled or ingested.

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