Periodic Medical Examinations - Further Medical Testing
After a review of medical history and a physical exam, an employee may need to undergo further medical testing (depending on available exposure information, medical history, and examination results). Testing should be specific for the possible medical effects of the worker's exposure.
OSHA provides a few notes and tips in regard to further testing:
- Conducting multiple tests for a large range of possible exposures is not always beneficial. These tests could include invasive procedures (such as tissue biopsy), could be costly, and could potentially produce false-positive results. Employers should take these factors into consideration when selecting tests.
- If the individual uses a respirator, has been or may be exposed to irritating or toxic substances, or has breathing difficulties (especially when wearing a respirator), then an employer should order pulmonary function tests.
- Persons subject to high noise exposures (an 8-hour, time-weighted average of 85 dBA2 or more) and persons required to wear hearing protection must undergo annual audiometric tests.
- Annual retests are recommended to check for vision degradation.
- Blood and urine tests are necessary "when indicated" (based on the potential or real exposures to specific chemicals).
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