Drum Sampling

Drum sampling is the process of taking a sample of the drum contents to identify them. It can be dangerous if drum contents are unknown.

Before sampling, employers should develop a plan to minimize dangers. This includes developing standard operating procedures (SOPs) for opening drums, sampling, and sample packaging and transportation. These SOPs should do the following:

• Identify the drums to be sampled
• Research available background information about wastes
• Choose appropriate sampling devices and containers
• Develop a sampling plan that includes the number, volume, and locations of samples to be taken
• Provide a trained safety and health professional with available information about site wastes and conditions. Have this person select the appropriate personal protection for sampling, decontamination, and packaging.

Be sure sampling personnel are at a safe distance when opening the drum.

Once the drum is open and sampling can begin, follow these tips and techniques:

• Do not lean over other drums to reach the drum being sampled, unless absolutely necessary.
• Avoid unnecessary contact with drum tops by covering tops with plastic sheeting (or other appropriate materials).
• Never stand on drums. Instead, use steps or another platform.
• Obtain samples with either glass rods or vacuum pumps. Do not use contaminated items such as discarded rags to sample: the rag may contaminate the sample and may not be compatible with the waste in the drum.
• Be sure to remove glass rods prior to emptying a drum using a pump. This will minimize damage to the pumps.

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