Loading & Unloading Operations

Potential Hazard

• Release of ammonia during loading and unloading operations.

Possible Controls

• Provide employees with information pertaining to the hazards of ammonia. [29 CFR 1910.119(d)(1)]
• Use hoses that are designed according to generally accepted good engineering practices. [29 CFR 1910.119(d)(3)]
• Conduct a process hazard analysis on the loading/unloading process. [29 CFR 1910.119(e)]
• Develop and implement written standard operating procedures (SOP) for loading the storage vessel. [29 CFR 1910.119(f)]
  • Use wheel chocks to prevent the vehicle from moving during unloading operations.
  • Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) while connecting, disconnecting, and venting the transfer hose.
  • Never leave the charging operation unattended.
• Ensure employees are trained in the loading process. [29 CFR 1910.119(g)]
  • Do not overfill the vessel during loading.
  • Check the level measurement device on the storage tank to ensure adequate storage space to receive the ammonia before starting unloading operations.
  • Properly connect and disconnect hoses.
  • Properly empty and vent hoses and pressure relief valves before disconnecting.
  • Do not stand in line with ammonia discharge while venting pressure relief devices and hoses.
  • Ensure proper handling, stowing, and care of hoses.
  • Disconnect and secure both ends of the hoses before moving the tank truck.
  • When loading from cylinders:
    • Properly connect and disconnect lines.
    • Properly empty and vent lines before disconnecting.
    • Properly secure cylinders.
  • Use bleeder valves to ensure that there is minimal vapor (no positive pressure) and no liquid ammonia in the hoses before disconnecting.
• Conduct routine inspections and testing for hoses as part of a Mechanical Integrity Program. [29 CFR 1910.119(j)]
• Investigate accidents and near misses that could have resulted in a release of ammonia. [29 CFR 1910.119(m)]
• Establish and implement an emergency action plan in case of release. [29 CFR 1910.119(n)]

To learn more about Ammonia Refrigeration visit our Ammonia Refrigeration Safety Online Training web page.