Key Terms

Ergonomics is the science of designing machines, tools, and work environments so that people can work efficiently and safely. More simply, ergonomics is the study of work. The purpose is to create a good fit among the worker, the work being performed, and the equipment being used.

It is also sometimes referred to as human engineering. Ergonomics is a multi-disciplinary science that draws on physiology, anatomy, and psychology in order to design a safe and productive workplace.

Ergonomics benefits both the employer and employee because good ergonomics results in an increase in worker productivity and a decrease in ergonomic-related injuries.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are injuries and disorders of the soft tissues (muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and cartilage) and nerves. They can affect nearly all tissues in the body. MSDs are sometimes called cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), repeated trauma, or repetitive stress injuries.

Poor workplace ergonomics can cause MSDs. These injuries generally result from repeated micro-traumas, which are small injuries that progressively build up tissue damage. An MSD may occur from a single event, such as a strain or sprain from a slip or fall, but they are more often the result of repeated tissue damage over time. It can take weeks, months, or years for these injuries to develop.

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) is a general term for musculoskeletal injuries that develop from tasks performed in the workplace.

To learn more about Labor & Industry Ergonomics visit our Labor & Industry Ergonomics Online Training web page.