Key Terms

Ladder - a device that incorporates steps, runs, or cleats on which a person may step in order to ascend or descend.

Rungs, steps, or cleats - ladder crosspieces that are intended for use by the person ascending or descending the ladder.

Rail - the side members of the ladder that are joined at intervals by rungs, steps, cleats, or rear braces.

Ladder type - the designation that identifies the working load.

Duty rating - rating that implies service capability based on a combination of factors, including, but not limited to, ladder type and design features.

Pitch - the acute angle between the horizontal and the ladder; measured on the side of the ladder opposite the climbing side.

Working length - the length of a non-self-supporting portable ladder measured along the rails from the base support point to the top of the ladder.

Working load - the maximum applied load the ladder is able to support for the intended use, including the weight of the user, materials, and tools.

Point of access - areas used by employees for work-related passage from one area or level to another.

Stairway - a series of steps and landings that has four or more risers.

Riser - the vertical portion between each tread; can be open or closed.

Tread - the horizontal portion of a step; the part of the step that a person walks on.

Nosing - the front part of the tread that overhangs the riser.

Rise - the vertical distance from the top of a tread to the top of the next higher tread.

Stair railing - a vertical barrier erected along exposed sides of a stairway to prevent falls.

Handrail - a single bar or pipe supported on brackets from a wall to provide a continuous handhold for persons using a stairway.

Platform - an extended step of landing that breaks a continuous run of stairs.

To learn more about Ladder & Stairway Safety visit our Ladder & Stairway Safety Online Training web page.