Self-Supporting Ladders

Self-supporting ladders fold out and have one or two extra legs attached to the ladder for support. These ladders do not require a structure to support them. The primary type of self-supporting ladder is a stepladder.

Stepladders

A stepladder is a self-supporting, non-adjustable, portable ladder. The front section has flat steps for climbing, and the back section has two rear legs to provide stability. The back section must never be used for climbing. A metal spreader or locking device securely holds the front and back sections open. It has a hinged design that allows it to fold flat for easy storage and movement. It also may have a bucket shelf, which must be able to support a load of 25 pounds. In addition, the bottom surface of a stepladder has feet made of anti-slip material.

Stepladders range in size from 3 feet to 20 feet in length along the side rail. If a stepladder is less than 3 feet in length, it is considered a stepstool. Stepladders may be constructed of wood, metal, or fiberglass. Standard stepladders are intended for use by one worker at a time.

Stepladders must be set up on firm, level surfaces. If this condition does not exist at your worksite, then a different type of ladder should be used. Also, stepladders must not be used if the spreader is not fully open in the locked position.

The highest working level on a stepladder is approximately 2 feet from the top of the ladder. This level is marked by the manufacturer on the side rail of the ladder. Therefore, when selecting the size of your ladder, you must add the worker's reach height to the highest standing level of the ladder, not the full length of the ladder.

To learn more about Ladder & Stairway Safety visit our Ladder & Stairway Safety Online Training web page.