Apply Controls

If silica products must be used, OSHA requires certain engineering controls to be used wherever possible. This type of control involves a mechanical process to eliminate exposure to silica dust. Dust controls can be as simple as using a water hose to wet the dust before it becomes airborne.

Employees should always use the engineering controls that have been installed by their employers in order to reduce silica dust levels, and make sure all of the protective equipment is properly maintained. Employees should tell their employers right away if any equipment is not working properly.

Employers and employees should use the following methods to control respirable crystalline silica:

• Use the dust collection systems that are available for many kinds of dust-generating equipment. When employers are purchasing equipment, they should look for products that have good dust controls. Use local exhaust ventilation to prevent dust from being released into the air. Employees should not use the equipment if the dust control system is not working properly.
• During rock drilling, use water that is fed through the drill stem to reduce the amount of dust in the air, or use a drill with a dust collection system.
• When sawing concrete or masonry, use saws that provide water to the blade.

Some Additional methods that should be used include:

• Use good work practices to minimize exposure and to prevent nearby workers from being exposed. For example, remove dust from equipment with a water hose rather than with compressed air. Use vacuums with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, or use wet sweeping instead of dry sweeping.
• Use abrasives that contain less than 1 percent crystalline silica during abrasive blasting to prevent quartz dust from being released into the air.
• Use containment methods, such as blast-cleaning machines and cabinets, to prevent dust from being released into the air.

Employers should post warning signs to mark the boundaries of work areas that are contaminated with crystalline silica. These signs should warn workers about the hazard, and specify whether any respirators and other PPE are required.

As an example, a warning sign could read as follows:

• "WARNING! Crystalline Silica Work Area"
• "Improper handling or exposure to the dust may cause silicosis, a serious lung disease, and death"
• "RESPIRATOR REQUIRED"

To learn more about Silica Safety visit our General & Maritime Silica Safety Online Training web page.