Stairway Regulations

There are several types of stairs, and OSHAhas regulations for each. A fixed stairway is defined as interior and exterior stairs serving machinery, tanks, and equipment, and stairs to or from floors, platforms, or pits. The term "fixed stairway" does not apply to stairs intended only for fire exit purposes, to articulated stairs (the angle of which changes with the rise and fall of the base support), or to stairs forming an integral part of machinery.

Strength

Stairways must be constructed to carry five times the intended maximum load. For example, if the stairway is intended to hold a 250-pound man carrying a 50-pound load, the stairway should be constructed to hold 1,500 pounds to comply with the regulation. The minimum required strength for a stairway is 1,000 pounds.

Surface

The stairway surface should be constructed of a slip-resistant material. This may include the entire tread or just the leading edges. Non-slip surfaces include rubber, metal, or slip-resistant paint. Any nosing used should also be designed from a non-slip material.

Platforms

Stairways must have a safe platform for performing operations and maintenance. The platform must be at least 30 inches deep and 22 inches wide. Any unprotected sides or edges of a stairway landing must have a standard 42-inch guardrail system.

Stairway Width

All stairways must be at least 22 inches wide.

Vertical Clearance

Stairways must be constructed so that there is at least seven feet of vertical clearance above any stair tread.

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