Musculoskeletal Disorders

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, and cartilage of the upper and lower limbs, neck, and lower back that are caused by or exacerbated by sudden exertion or prolonged exposure to physical factors. (Note, however, that these injuries do not include fractures, contusions, abrasions, and lacerations that result from sudden physical contact of the body with external objects.)

MSDs, which are also referred to as cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), repetitive strain injuries (RSIs), and overuse injuries, are soft tissue injuries. Some develop gradually over time as a result of intensive work. Common forms of MSDs include the following:

• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Bursitis
• Tendonitis
• Radial tunnel syndrome
• Muscle or tendon strain
• Digital neuritis
• Ligament sprain
• Trigger finger
• Tension neck syndrome
• Sciatic pain
• Thoracic outlet compression
• Epicondylitis
• Rotator cuff syndrome
• Ruptured or herniated discs

Early indications of MSDs include numbness, tingling, pain, restriction of joint movement, and soft tissue swelling. Persistent symptoms can lead to lost work days, permanent disability, and surgery. Workers should report MSD symptoms as soon as they become aware of them.

To learn more about Ergonomics visit our Shipyard Ergonomics Online Training web page.