Burns

Burns are another common hazard associated with electrical work. The potential for thermal burns exists through both direct and indirect contact with an energized device.

First-degree burns cause minimal skin damage. They are also called "superficial burns" because they only affect the outermost layer of skin. Signs of a first-degree burn include the following:

• Redness
• Minor swelling at the burn site
• Pain
• Dry, peeling skin as the burn heals

Second-degree burns are more serious because the damage extends beyond the top layer of skin. This type of burn causes the skin to blister and become extremely red and sore. Some blisters may pop, giving the burn a wet appearance. The treatment for first- and second-degree burns is similar, though the risk of infection is higher for second-degree burns. Avoid cotton ball wraps and unapproved home remedies. A mild first- or second-degree burn can generally be treated by the following means:

• Running cool - not cold - water over the burn area for 15 minutes or longer
• Taking over-the-counter pain medication, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
• Applying antibiotic cream to the affected area

It is recommended that individuals seek medical treatment if a second-degree burn covers a large area of skin.

Third-degree burns are the most serious burns. They cause the most damage, extending through every layer of skin. The damage can even reach the bloodstream, major organs, and bones, which can lead to death. With these types of burns, the damage is so extensive that persons may not feel pain because their nerves are damaged. Depending on the cause, third-degree burns cause the skin to look like one or more of the following:

• Waxy and white
• Charred
• Dark brown
• Raised and leathery

Miners should never attempt to treat a third-degree burn on their own; instead, they should call 911 immediately. While awaiting emergency medical services, the injured miner should raise the part of the body where the injury occurred above his or her heart if possible. The injured miner should not undress, but should make sure no clothing is stuck to the burned area.

There is no set healing timeline for third-degree burns, and victims may endure pain and scarring for the rest of their lives.

To learn more about MSHA Part 48 training requirements visit our MSHA Part 48 Subpart B Surface Mining Online Training web page.