Diesel Exhaust

Exposure to elevated diesel exhaust concentrations has been linked to negative health effects, such as eye and nose irritation, headaches, nausea, and asthma. Diesel particulate matter (DPM) includes soot particles made up primarily of carbon, ash, metallic abrasion particles, sulfates, and silicates; and has been classified by NIOSH and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a possible carcinogen.

Short-term exposure to high concentrations of DPM can cause headache, dizziness, and severe irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Prolonged exposure can increase the risk of cardiovascular, cardiopulmonary, and respiratory disease; and lung cancer.

DPM exposure can be minimized through the following engineering controls:

• Performing routine preventive maintenance of diesel engines to minimize emissions
• Installing engine exhaust filters
• Installing cleaner burning engines
• Installing diesel oxidation catalysts
• Using special fuels or fuel additives (for example, biodiesel)
• Providing equipment cabs with filtered air
• Installing or upgrading ventilation systems

Coal mine operators are required to do the following:

• Perform weekly examinations of diesel equipment, and perform maintenance with certified mechanics.
• Use low sulfur fuel.
• Provide training to miners annually on DPM risks and controls used at the specific mine.
• Maintain exhaust gas concentrations at or below established standards.
• Provide ventilating air where diesel engines are operated.

To learn more about MSHA Part 48 training requirements visit our MSHA Part 48 Subpart B Surface Mining Online Training web page.