Ergonomics

Ergonomic hazards are physical factors within the work environment that harm the musculoskeletal system. Ergonomic hazards include repetitive movement, poor body positioning, manual handling, and uncomfortable workstation heights. Assuming awkward body positions while performing manual tasks can cause injury to the upper and lower limbs or spine. This is why workplace layout, design of equipment and tools, working techniques, working time, and rest patterns must be taken into account to avoid injury. Heavy loads, awkward working positions, repetition, and working under pressure can cause injury. Workers should be careful when performing daily tasks at a surface mine to avoid these types of injuries.

Patterns of Movement

To avoid injury related to movement patterns, workers should keep these guidelines in mind:

• Avoid crooked or twisted positions.
• Aim for movements with rhythm, and try to avoid monotonous ones.
• Remember that horizontal movements are easier to control than vertical ones.
• Avoid reaching farther than necessary.
• Try to keep movements flowing symmetrically when working with both hands.

Strength Movements

To avoid injury related to movements involving strength, workers should take the following precautions:

• Use dynamic movements over static ones.
• Find the most comfortable movements that still provide strength and efficiency.
• When carrying loads, keep in mind that the heavier the load, the closer it should be to one's body.

To learn more about MSHA Part 48 training requirements visit our MSHA Part 48 Subpart B Surface Mining Online Training web page.