Explosives

The category of Class 1 - Explosives is defined as any substance or article, including a device, that is designed to function by explosion (which is an extremely rapid release of gas and heat) or is able to function in a similar manner by a chemical reaction. This includes pyrotechnic devices, such as fireworks and ammunition. Class 1 hazardous goods are divided into six divisions:

• Division 1.1 - Explosives with a mass hazard (for example, dynamite and trinitrotoluene [TNT])
• Division 1.2 - Explosives with a projection hazard (for example, aerial flares)
• Division 1.3 - Explosives that are predominantly a fire hazard (for example, display fireworks)
• Division 1.4 - Explosives with no significant blast hazard (for example, ammunition)
• Division 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives, blasting agents (for example, ammonium nitrate fuel)
• Division 1.6 - Extremely insensitive detonating articles (for example, low vulnerability military weapons)

The most commonly used blasting agent in surface mines is known as ANFO, which is a mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil. ANFO is a Division 1.5 material. To control the blast, it is essential that the blaster carefully calculate the amount of blasting agent to fill the drill holes. It is a violation of law if property nearby is damaged by fly rock or powerful vibrations.

To learn more about MSHA Part 48 training requirements visit our MSHA Part 48 Subpart B Surface Mining Online Training web page.