Introduction

A surface mine is a site at which overlying soil and rock are removed to extract valuable minerals. Surface mining, also called open-pit mining, is a big industry. A much larger number of surface mining facilities exist globally than underground mines. In some ways, surface mining is safer than underground mining. Since the overlying rock is removed before mining begins, roof collapse is not a concern; and while dust and particulates are still a hazard at surface mine sites, the miners are not trapped underground with these hazards. Nevertheless, surface mines still present many safety hazards, and understanding these hazards and the protective measures available can help miners stay safe.

To help American mines operate safely, the U.S. Congress enacted the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Mine Act) and the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act (MINER Act). The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), which is part of the U.S. Department of Labor, was established in 1978 to regulate the mining industry and enforce these acts.

One way that MSHA tries to keep surface miners safe is by requiring new miner training for miners with no previous mining experience in accordance with Title 30 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Section 48.25. This training must cover health and safety factors, prevalent hazards, and emergency procedures.

To learn more about MSHA Part 48 training requirements visit our MSHA Part 48 Subpart B Surface Mining Online Training web page.